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Azotobacter chroococcum is a microaerophilic bacterium, which is able to fix nitrogen under aerobic conditions. To do so, it produces three enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) to "neutralise" reactive oxygen species. It also forms the dark-brown, water-soluble pigment melanin at high levels of metabolism during the fixation of nitrogen, which is thought to
protect the nitrogenase system from oxygen.
Azotobacter chroococcum has strong nitrogen fixation ability and can secrete auxin to promote plant growth and fruit development.Therefore, azotobacter chroococcum can be made into microbial inoculum and applied to soil to increase crop yield